Revelation chapters 2 and 3 contain letters from Jesus to seven churches/messengers in Asia Minor. These represent seven individuals appointed before John but who fell into deception from the “Nicolaitans” – an antichrist system following false teachings, immorality, and idolatry depicted through figures like Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel. The letters expose their current fallen state, call them to repentance, and promise blessings like the tree of life, crown of life, hidden manna, white stone, iron scepter, and morning star to “the one who overcomes” – which refers to John since he resisted and overcame the Nicolaitan deceptions that the original seven messengers failed to overcome. The main point is identifying John as the overcomer who received these promised blessings by staying faithful amidst the foreshadowed antichrist deceptions ravaging the seven churches.
Shincheonji holds distinct theological views that differ from mainstream Christian denominations, yet it also shares some common teachings. This overlap can sometimes blur the lines between their beliefs and those of traditional Christianity. Therefore, it is essential to exercise critical thinking and discernment to differentiate between these shared elements and the unique doctrines they present.
While their interpretations warrant careful examination through a critical and biblical lens, it is equally important to approach these matters with an open yet discerning mindset.
The following notes were documented in person during Shincheonji’s 9-month Bible Study Seminar. They provide insight into the organization’s approach to introducing and explaining its beliefs to potential new members, often referred to as the ‘harvesting and sealing.’ This process is described as being ‘born again’ or ‘born of God’s seed,’ which involves uprooting the old beliefs and replanting new ones. This uprooting and replanting must occur continuously. By examining this process, we can gain a better understanding of the mindset and beliefs held by Shincheonji members.
Reflection
Today, we’re reflecting on the impacts of yesterday’s lesson about Revelation 1:9-20. It’s still shocking to realize that the churches were people. When Asia was mentioned, it meant a whole church – essentially a church within a church.
The concept of seven churches is intriguing. We know that churches are temples and our bodies are temples. Correlating these verses helps us understand that it’s talking about seven different people. The churches are literally one nation, and God calls us a holy nation.
We’re supposed to be a holy nation, which takes time, diligence, and obedience. Thinking back to the time of Exodus, God said, “If you obey me fully, then you will receive these blessings.”
Often, God’s blessings are conditional, contrary to how the world depicts everything as unconditional. God has many conditions for his blessings, and He always keeps His promise. However, we struggle to keep our end of the bargain.
Currently, God is looking for people who will always keep their end of the bargain because they will seal themselves with the word and the testimony as well.
Rv 2: The Letter Sent to the Messengers of the 7 Churches
Revelation chapters 2 and 3 share the same title and should occupy the same line in your table of contents.
Let’s consider the content of this letter. Who is sending it? Through whom is it being sent? These details are crucial for understanding the letter’s content.
The purpose of the letter is important to grasp so we’re not confused. Every letter ever written has a sender and a recipient. This is also true for Revelation chapters 2 and 3. As we go through the content, think about the sender, the author, and the recipients.
Another thing to understand is that these letters are written because the people have already done something that necessitates a letter. They have already started to betray. However, as God and Jesus always do, they are trying to give people an opportunity to repent. For someone to repent, what do they need? They need to know what they did wrong.
Just as Jonah had to go to the people of Nineveh to speak to them before God could offer judgment, Jesus offers an opportunity for the churches, the people, the seven stars, to repent of their wrongdoings. They didn’t yet know what they had done wrong.
How someone responds to the message of repentance really determines how they will be rejudged if they do not take that opportunity to repent. We should look at this as a chance to self-reflect. Are we making the same mistakes as those in the past? Are we taking the time to repent and learn from the mistakes of others?
We should see this both as prophecy and fulfillment, but also as a valuable lesson for all of us.
Reminder:
OPAGH
God uses historical events / places / people of and before the time of prophecy figuratively to speak about the future.
When examining the map, we see that God uses historical events, places, and people from the time the prophecy is written or before. This is evident in the book of Isaiah, where the historical events of the Israelites leaving Egypt are referenced. However, people didn’t realize that God wasn’t simply recounting their ancestors’ history, but prophesying about future deliverance.
This future deliverance involved people escaping an Egypt-like place or people, with Jesus as the Moses-like figure. The Egypt-like people were the Pharisees and Sadducees, who had enslaved the Israelites with man-made laws, traditions, and false teachings. Jesus came to deliver them and provide the true way, truth, and life.
This is an example of how historical events are used in prophecy to describe future events that follow the same pattern. It’s like a cover of a famous song by a new artist – same song, different player, but following the same logic.
This concept is consistent throughout the book of Revelation, where we see historical places and people mentioned, such as Israel, Babylon, Jezebel, Balaam, Balak, and the Nicolaitans. These are all being used to describe future events.
Regarding the seven churches, they were all located in the province of Asia Minor, now modern-day Turkey. These churches were in one nation, near where Revelation was recorded on the island of Patmos, a small island of exile.
Interestingly, the Apostle John survived an attempted martyrdom by being dropped in a vat of boiling oil. He lived because God and Jesus weren’t finished with him yet – he still needed to write the conclusion of the word. After surviving, he was exiled to Patmos, where he saw incredible things and wrote them down.
John’s life was remarkable. He’s the only disciple known to have died of old age, while the others were martyred through various means such as beheading, being thrown out of a window, or crucified. We don’t have an account of John’s death, likely because he died of old age after recording Revelation on the island of Patmos in exile.
One nation. 7 churches in one nation | 1 Cor 3:16, 1 Pt 2:9
The fulfilment of prophecy has revealed that the seven churches actually represent seven individuals within one church. These people have already appeared, and we will soon learn more about their identities.
In the context of Revelation chapters 2 and 3, which we will examine today, we see that Jesus is the sender of the letter. John, on the other hand, serves as the delivery person – the postman or mailman. His role is to deliver the message.
Since Jesus is a spirit, John had to physically write down the words. However, the content of the letter originates from Jesus. This is true for every single word in the Bible.
2 Timothy 3:16-17 16 All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, 17 so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
All scripture from Genesis to Revelation is God-breathed, because God is the author. However, God is spirit, so He used writers to put pen to paper.
As you read through the Bible, you’ll notice many instances where phrases like “And then the Lord said” or “And then God said” appear, followed by direct quotations from God. This occurs numerous times throughout the text.
We see this same concept expressed in 2 Peter 1:20-21.
2 Peter 1:20-21 20 Above all, you must understand that no prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet’s own interpretation. 21 For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.
The words spoken by men from God were not their own interpretations, ideas, or guesses. Instead, they were carried along by the Holy Spirit, recording and sending the Spirit’s words to the right people at the right time. Jesus is the sender of these letters.
New John serves as the delivery person for these letters. He sent them to the seven messengers, who are the recipients. These recipients needed to receive the letters, read their contents, and understand that they must repent.
Repentance and the Nicolaitans
The decision to repent lies with individuals themselves. Their choice to repent or not determines their future outcome. The need for repentance arises because certain events have already begun to unfold.
The Nicolaitans have now emerged, as mentioned in Revelation chapter 2. Historically, the Nicolaitans were a group that formed during the time of the first coming. However, it’s important to remember the concept that God uses events, places, and people from the time when the prophecy was recorded, and even before, to speak about the future. Therefore, at the time of the second coming, a group of people will appear who exhibit similar characteristics to the original Nicolaitans referenced here. We will discuss this group in more detail today.
The Letter to the 7 Churches
Church of Ephesus | Rev 2:1-7
Revelation 2:1-7 “To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: These are the words of him who holds the seven stars in his right hand and walks among the seven golden lampstands: 2 I know your deeds, your hard work and your perseverance. I know that you cannot tolerate wicked men, that you have tested those who claim to be apostles but are not, and have found them false. 3 You have persevered and have endured hardships for my name, and have not grown weary. 4 Yet I hold this against you: You have forsaken your first love. 5 Remember the height from which you have fallen! Repent and do the things you did at first. If you do not repent, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place. 6 But you have this in your favor: You hate the practices of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate. 7 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will give the right to eat from the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.
Let’s break down this letter into its different sections. It’s crucial to understand that these seven people were in the same location and received one letter containing multiple details. They actually received this letter multiple times, which we’ll understand better when we discuss fulfillment.
The title refers to a single letter, but this letter contains several sections or important points for the recipients to realize about themselves. Since they were all in the same place and initially working together as a team, they were all at fault in many aspects and for various reasons. This is an important point to keep in mind.
Remember the structure of all the letters. Three crucial elements must be mentioned in each part of the letter:
- What you have seen.
- What is now.
- What will take place later, which is the promised blessing.
ONE – Seen: Jesus’ Appearance, the 7 Stars, and the 7 Lampstands.
John recorded what he saw at the beginning of this part of the letter. He observed Jesus’ appearance, along with the 7 stars and the 7 golden lampstands. At this moment, John realized the true identity of these people.
Prior to this, he had not recognized who they were, even though he was aware of their existence. We will explore this further when we discuss fulfillment later.
It was at this point that John understood, “Oh, these people are the 7 stars.” He saw Jesus’ appearance and recognized to whom he needed to send these letters. Each section of the letter is addressed with a different aspect of Jesus that John observed.
TWO – Now: The practices of Nicholaitans had entered and made the 7 stars fall.
Now, let’s examine the reason for this letter being sent to the people. There are commendable aspects about them, but also some that are not. In this section of the letter to the messenger of the church of Ephesus, we read about the current situation.
The commendable things are their perseverance and how they tested those claiming to be apostles, finding them false. They endured hardships and persevered. However, verse four reveals a negative aspect: they have forsaken their first love.
Who was their first love? It was Jesus. Remember, at the start of Revelation, the seven stars are in Jesus’ right hand. Jesus appointed them before New John, as they were to prepare the way. This was their duty and job, appearing first.
Initially, they did well, hence Jesus’ praise. But now they’ve tripped and started to backslide, making mistakes. They need to repent. The height from which they have fallen is Jesus’ hand.
Something else is causing their fall, as mentioned in verse 6. They hate the practices of the Nicolaitans, which is in their favor. The Nicolaitans have begun introducing false practices, which the church initially rejected but slowly started accepting.
The people questioned, “Didn’t Jesus tell us this means this? Isn’t this what our 7 stars are saying?” They were confused by the different teachings, thinking perhaps the 7 stars trusted these new ideas.
To understand the fulfillment of these entities, let’s look at the origin of the historical Nicholas and Nicolaitans. In Acts chapter 6, we meet the original Nicholas, used as a parable for the future time.
Acts 6:3-6 3 Brothers, choose seven men from among you who are known to be full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will turn this responsibility over to them 4 and will give our attention to prayer and the ministry of the word.” 5 This proposal pleased the whole group. They chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit; also Philip, Procorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas from Antioch, a convert to Judaism. 6 They presented these men to the apostles, who prayed and laid their hands on them.
The 12 disciples, once again numbering 12 after Matthias was appointed to replace Judas, proceeded to appoint 7 elders, also known as deacons. These deacons were tasked with assisting the disciples in spreading the gospel. We later witness the acts of some of these elders in subsequent chapters. Stephen, one of the appointed elders, appears in the next chapter where he is stoned. During this event, Stephen exclaims, “I see heaven open and Jesus at the right hand of God.” He also says, “Do not hold this sin against them.” This is the same Stephen mentioned here. Additionally, Philip, another of the appointed elders, is featured in Acts chapter 8, where he encounters the Ethiopian eunuch.
These individuals go on to accomplish great things later in the book of Acts. Among the appointed elders was a man named Nicholas, as you may have noticed.
Nicholas Conversion
Nicholas was initially a Gentile who converted to Judaism and then to Christianity. This multiple conversion background is important to remember for later.
With his diverse religious experiences, Nicholas likely had many different ideas in mind and was probably trying to do the right thing at first. However, according to historical accounts, Nicholas eventually split off and formed his own group. This group held an extreme version of the gospel, so extreme that they needed to be called by a different name.
This group, who held a different version of the gospel than was originally given, was historically significant. God saw this event and decided to use it as a representation for people who would do a similar thing 2,000 years later.
The “second coming Nicholas” was also a man familiar with many different faiths. He was very intelligent and persuasive, able to gather many people to his thoughts and causes. He was equally effective in causing others to convert, hence why he is called Nicholas.
We will learn more about this Nicholas soon. He establishes the Nicolaitans. Of course, they’re not called the Nicolaitans at the second coming, but figuratively and spiritually, that is what they are and what they did.
THREE – Blessings: One Who Overcomes
So, let’s consider what you have seen. Now, let’s focus on what is happening in the present. Now, we’ll move on to number three.
The blessings. What is promised? So, what does the text say about this?
Revelation 2:7 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will give him the right to eat from the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.
At the conclusion of each letter, Jesus addresses “the one who overcomes.” It is important to note that it is specifically “one,” not “those,” as some versions incorrectly state. Jesus emphasizes that it is a single individual who overcomes, and this one person is granted the right.
BLESSING ONE – The Right To Eat from the Tree of Life
The right to eat from the tree of life is mentioned in Revelation 2:7. This is the first of 12 total blessings promised to the one who overcomes in Revelation 2 and 3.
What does this mean? Can we know now what the fruit of the tree of life is? Jesus represents the fruit of the tree of life. Specifically, the fruit of the tree of life equals Jesus’ words of life, as seen in John 14:6, John 15:1, and Revelation 10:8-11, where he eats the words of the open scroll.
Is it only the one who overcomes who eats from the tree of life? Shouldn’t all of us eat from it too? How do we eat from the tree of life at the second coming? There must first be one who eats it and then shares with others how to do the same.
The reason this person is able to eat from the fruit of the tree of life is because they have overcome something. You cannot receive the title of “one who overcomes” if you don’t overcome something. So who must the one who overcomes defeat? The Nicolaitans.
This overcoming happens in Chapter 12, using the blood of the lamb and the word of testimony. The blood of the lamb represents the word, and the word of testimony is the testimony itself. Everyone who overcomes with the word and the testimony will also receive the right to eat from the tree of life.
We’ll see more about the tree of life in Revelation 22:1-2.
Church of Smyrna | Revelation 2:8-11
Revelation 2:8-11 8 “To the angel of the church in Smyrna write: These are the words of him who is the First and the Last, who died and came to life again. 9 I know your afflictions and your poverty—yet you are rich! I know the slander of those who say they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan. 10 Do not be afraid of what you are about to suffer. I tell you, the devil will put some of you in prison to test you, and you will suffer persecution for ten days. Be faithful, even to the point of death, and I will give you the crown of life. 11 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. He who overcomes will not be hurt at all by the second death.
ONE – Seen: First and Last, Resurrected One. Rev 22:13
John accounts for what he has seen, describing the Spirit and Jesus. He refers to Jesus as the first and the last, and the resurrected one. What does “first and last” mean? It represents prophecy and fulfillment.
Alpha is the first letter in the Greek alphabet, while omega is the last. So “first and last” signifies beginning and end. Jesus is described here, but who else calls themselves alpha and omega? God does. Just as God is the word in the beginning, and Jesus is the word in the beginning, both God and Jesus are referred to as alpha and omega.
This concept relates to the word of prophecy and fulfillment. To illustrate this further, let’s examine Revelation 19:10.
Revelation 19:10 At this I fell at his feet to worship him. But he said to me, “Do not do it! I am a fellow servant with you and with your brothers who hold to the testimony of Jesus. Worship God! For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.”
The testimony of Jesus represents the spirit of prophecy. This is why Jesus refers to himself as the first and the last.
Jesus fulfills the prophecies that were recorded in scripture. In Revelation 22:13, we find another instance where Jesus calls himself the first and the last. It’s important to take note of this connection.
TWO – Now: Slander from false Jews (Synagogue of Satan)
Returning to Revelation 2, what is the “now” part? It is that they will face suffering and testing for 10 days from Satan.
This works through the Nicolaitans, who are people who slander. The slander comes from false Jews, who are actually a synagogue of the enemy – a synagogue of Satan. This means Satan is using them. Although by worldly standards they appear official, holding a Bible, dressed nicely, educated at the best schools, and likely leading large churches, they are not true Jews. This is why they are called false.
They are like wolves in sheep’s clothing. For a time, they went unnoticed, until the testimony reached the people. Just like the Pharisees, they are destroyers in disguise. The first destroyer to come in was Nicholas.
Of course, his name is not literally Nicholas; I’m using a figurative name. Nicholas entered first, and later, the rest of the 7 heads followed. They worked together as one to destroy the people, forcing them to stop teaching what they had been teaching. This was the persecution that came upon them.
THREE – Blessings: The Crown of Life and No Second Death.
What about the blessings promised to the one who overcomes? There are multiple blessings mentioned in this passage.
The crown of life is one such blessing. Why is it promised? Jesus said, “I tell you, the devil will put some of you in prison to test you. And you will suffer persecution for 10 days. Be faithful, even to the point of death, and I will give you the crown of life.”
Regarding the promised blessings, they were initially intended for the 7 stars. However, why don’t they receive these blessings? Because they betrayed, fell, and didn’t repent. They went dark and were destroyed. They led people astray.
To whom are the promises actually given? The one who overcomes. What did the 7 stars fail to do? They did not overcome; they were defeated. The blessings were originally meant for them, which is why it says, “you will suffer persecution.” But if you remain faithful, then you will receive. So the blessing goes to the next person who overcomes, which was New John.
The 7 stars didn’t overcome, so the blessing could not go to them.
What specific blessings are promised that we just read about? These are the promises to the church in Smyrna, found in Revelation 2:10-11. There are two blessings:
- The crown of life.
- No hurt by second death.
We’ll discuss the meaning of the crown of life and the concept of not being hurt by the second death shortly.
BLESSING TWO: The Clown of Life = Eternal Life
James 1:12 Blessed is the man who perseveres under trial, because when he has stood the test, he will receive the crown of life that God has promised to those who love him.
What has God promised for those who love Him? What blessing?
The crown of life represents eternal life. But why does it specifically mention a crown?
There’s a saying: “Heavy is the head that wears the crown.” What does this phrase mean? It refers to responsibility.
A crown actually represents duty. It doesn’t mean “now you serve me,” but rather “I serve you.”
Didn’t Christ also receive a crown? It wasn’t a pleasant one – it was the crown of thorns.
He wore it while dying in service to all of humanity. So receiving a crown isn’t just about saying, “Ah, yes, I’ve received the crown. Now everyone serve me.” No, it’s about duty.
Eternal life comes with a duty. Those who receive it are now needed by God to help others receive the same blessing.
BLESSING THREE
Now, let’s consider the concept of the second death.
What does the term “second death” signify?
To understand this, we must first address the question: What is the first death?
The first death refers to the death of the flesh – our physical bodies. In contrast, the second death pertains to the death of the spirit. Where does this spiritual death occur? It takes place in hell.
So, to summarize: The second death is the death of the spirit in hell.
Revelation 20:14 Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. The lake of fire is the second death.
The lake of fire represents the second death, which is a fate we all want to avoid. While not everyone can escape the first death, we all desire to avoid the second death. The one who overcomes, however, will not have to worry about this at all. They will not be hurt by the second death in any way.
We should strive to be among those who are not affected by the second death. To achieve this, we must identify and learn from the one who overcomes, as they were promised immunity from the second death.
Church of Pergamum | Revelation 2:12-17
Revelation 2:12-17 12 “To the angel of the church in Pergamum write: These are the words of him who has the sharp, double-edged sword. 13 I know where you live—where Satan has his throne. Yet you remain true to my name. You did not renounce your faith in me, even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witness, who was put to death in your city—where Satan lives. 14 Nevertheless, I have a few things against you: You have people there who hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to entice the Israelites to sin by eating food sacrificed to idols and by committing sexual immorality. 15 Likewise you also have those who hold to the teaching of the Nicolaitans. 16 Repent therefore! Otherwise, I will soon come to you and will fight against them with the sword of my mouth. 17 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will give some of the hidden manna. I will also give him a white stone with a new name written on it, known only to him who receives it.
Let’s analyze what we should understand from this section of the letter to the church in Pergamum, specifically regarding the messenger of the church.
ONE – Seen: A sharp and double-edged sword.
What did John record seeing here? He saw the one with the double-edged sword.
What is this double-edged sword? We encounter it in Revelation chapter 1. It represents the Word.
How do we know this? There’s a verse that tells us the Bible is a double-edged sword, separating soul and spirit, and bone from marrow.
The Bible compares the sword to the Word of God in two places: Ephesians 6:17 and Hebrews 4:12.
The sword equals the Word of God, and it’s double-edged for a specific reason.
It’s double-edged because it will judge two groups of people. Who are these two groups in Revelation that aren’t so great? Betrayers and destroyers. The Word of God will judge both.
So, to reiterate, John saw a sharp, double-edged sword.
When does the judgment of these two groups occur? Later in Revelation.
We’ll see the judgment on:
- The betrayers in Revelation 6, 8, 9, 11, 13.
- The destroyers in Revelation 16, 17, and 18.
We will witness these judgments later, carried out on the betrayers and destroyers using the Word of God.
Ultimately, it’s the Word of testimony. It reveals who you are and what you have become.
The message is to repent. However, people often become stubborn when told to repent, and unfortunately, it doesn’t always happen.
TWO – Now: Teaching of Balaam and Balak
What is the “now” part? Let’s return to Revelation 2:14. But first, one more point:
The people are instructed to remain faithful. Antipas, a historical figure who stayed true under trial, is used figuratively to represent what these people should do. They need to be faithful like Antipas was when facing persecution. However, what were they beginning to accept? The teachings of the Nicolaitans, though they’re not called Nicolaitans here. Instead, they’re referred to as Balaam and Balak.
What does this mean? In Numbers 22, Balaam and Balak caused people to eat food sacrificed to idols and commit sexual immorality. They must appear again, not literally, as they’ve been dead for a long time, but two people like them will emerge.
Verse 14 states: “Nevertheless, I have a few things against you. You have people there who hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to entice the Israelites to sin by eating food sacrificed to idols and by committing sexual immorality.”
Balaam was an Israelite, while Balak was a Gentile. Balaam taught Balak how to penetrate Israelite morality and cause them to stumble. In fulfillment, this means Balaam was inside first and taught Balak, who was outside, how to enter and deceive the people. He instructed them on what to say and do to take over the spiritual Israelites, just as Balaam and Balak did in history.
What is food sacrificed to idols? It represents teachings, specifically Satan’s teachings or false doctrine. Food generally symbolizes the word, as in Deuteronomy 8:3. However, food sacrificed to idols is no longer pure but corrupted.
Regarding sexual immorality, this doesn’t refer to physical acts in the church. Instead, it means receiving seed that isn’t from God. Sex transfers seed from one person to another. We should receive seed from God’s Holy Spirit, with seed representing the word. Committing sexual immorality means receiving seed from different sources, hence the term “prostitute.” Receiving Satan’s seed is equivalent to spiritual sexual immorality, as you’re no longer receiving truth from God. This uses a physical concept to explain something spiritual in nature.
THREE – Blessings: The Hidden Manna and the White Stone.
In this passage, we find two additional blessings described.
What are these two blessings?
They are:
- The hidden manna
- The white stone
The person who overcomes is granted two crucial items. These are two elements that have been frequently mentioned in our class discussions: the hidden manna and the white stone.
BLESSING FOUR – Hidden Manna = The Open Word (Revealed Word)
Hidden manna is a type of food. But what kind of food is it? It is the revealed or open word. Now, pay attention to something key here: How much of the hidden manna is given? Only some of it.
Why only some? Because it’s food at the proper time.
This reveals that even in the fulfillment of Revelation, the message has to be delivered at the appropriate time.
Example to explain “at the proper time”
New John isn’t shown all of Revelation at once. This is because he must be shown things as they are being fulfilled. People who don’t understand the open word well and instead slander often say that the testimony has changed.
This isn’t true. What actually happens is that John sees things at the proper time when they take place. So his knowledge at any given time is partial.
Only when something is fulfilled is he then able to clearly say what has taken place. He can explain it clearly as it is being revealed. This is some of the hidden manna.
This is a very important detail to keep in mind.
BLESSING FIVE – The White Stone = Authority to Judge with the Word.
New John is also given the white stone. What does this white stone represent? It represents the authority to judge.
Specifically, it symbolizes the authority to judge using the word. The stone has a new name written on it, which is known only to the person who receives it.
What could this name be? It is likely the title of New John. This name is exclusively given to the one who receives the stone. We will learn more about this concept later on.
Church of Thyatira | Revelation 2:18-29
Revelation 2:18-29 18 “To the angel of the church in Thyatira write: These are the words of the Son of God, whose eyes are like blazing fire and whose feet are like burnished bronze. 19 I know your deeds, your love and faith, your service and perseverance, and that you are now doing more than you did at first. 20 Nevertheless, I have this against you: You tolerate that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess. By her teaching she misleads my servants into sexual immorality and the eating of food sacrificed to idols. 21 I have given her time to repent of her immorality, but she is unwilling. 22 So I will cast her on a bed of suffering, and I will make those who commit adultery with her suffer intensely, unless they repent of her ways. 23 I will strike her children dead. Then all the churches will know that I am he who searches hearts and minds, and I will repay each of you according to your deeds. 24 Now I say to the rest of you in Thyatira, to you who do not hold to her teaching and have not learned Satan’s so-called deep secrets (I will not impose any other burden on you): 25 Only hold on to what you have until I come. 27 To him who overcomes and does my will to the end, I will give authority over the nations— just as I have received authority from my Father. 28 I will also give him the morning star. 29 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.
There’s a lot to cover, so we’ll simplify to avoid getting lost in the details.
ONE – Seen: Son of God and Jezebel
What did John see? He saw the Son of God, whom we know is Jesus. His eyes were like blazing fire and his feet like burnished bronze. Spirits truly look awesome. But John also saw something else: a woman called Jezebel.
Was Jezebel still alive when Revelation was written or when it will be fulfilled? No, she had been dead for a very long time. She was eaten by dogs, as the Bible says. You can read about the historical Jezebel in 1 Kings and a bit in 2 Kings.
Jezebel persecuted and killed many Israelites during her time. However, Revelation is figurative in nature. So when someone is called Jezebel here, we’re actually talking about a spiritual woman. What does a spiritual woman do? She receives seeds and gives birth to others.
We have the spirit, who is the groom (this could be a holy spirit or an evil spirit), and we have the flesh, who is the bride. The spirit gives the word or the seed to the bride, and the bride’s job is to bear children. This can happen on the good side, like Apostle Paul mentions in Galatians 4:19, where he was in the pains of childbirth. Unfortunately, it can also happen on Satan’s side, which is where Jezebel comes in.
In reality, Jezebel is the same as Balak. They’re the same person, just called by different names. Actually, there are more names than that. We’ll see the other names when we get to those chapters.
TWO – Now: Teaching of Jezebel → Will be Judged
Balak, also known as Jezebel, is causing people to engage in many terrible acts.
Through her teachings, she misleads God’s servants into sexual immorality.
What will happen to Jezebel? She will face judgment.
She will be cast onto a bed of suffering. Those who commit adultery with her will suffer intensely unless they repent of her ways. Her children will be struck dead. As a result, all churches will recognize that God is the one who searches hearts and minds.
God will repay each person according to their deeds and actions.
To those who do not follow Jezebel’s teachings and have not learned Satan’s so-called deep secrets, God says He will not impose any other burden. They should only hold on to what they have until He comes.
Jezebel will be judged in Revelation 17, while her kingdom, Babylon, will be judged in Revelation 18.
The judgment of the prostitute will be witnessed. It’s important to note that Jezebel is also referred to as the prostitute. This has become clear now that the prophecy has been fulfilled.
To reiterate, Jezebel’s judgment occurs in Revelation 17, and Babylon’s judgment takes place in Revelation 18.
THREE – Blessings: The Iron Sceptor and The Morning Star
Two additional blessings are promised to be bestowed upon the one who overcomes.
The blessings are as follows:
- The iron scepter.
- The morning star.
BLESSING SIX – The Iron Scepter = The Authority to Rule all Nations
The iron scepter represents the authority to rule all nations. It’s important to note that this is a teaching authority, not a ruling authority in the sense of giving orders like “go get me a snack” or “go get me that.”
Instead, this authority is actually a job, a duty. It’s like a crown, but its purpose is to teach, guide, and serve. That’s what it truly means to have the authority to rule all nations.
In this context, nations are not to be taken literally. They are figurative and represent Churches.
BLESSING SEVEN – The Morning Star
The morning star is also promised. However, the more appropriate question is not “What is the morning star?” but rather “Who is the morning star?”
The answer is Jesus. The morning star represents Jesus.
Revelation 22:16 “I, Jesus, have sent my angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, and the bright Morning Star.”
Jesus declares, “I am the root and the offspring of David and the bright morning star.” In this statement, Jesus promises to give himself to the one who overcomes.
This scenario is reminiscent of a wedding, as described in Revelation chapter 19.
It’s remarkable how quickly we are progressing through the book of Revelation.
Memorization
Revelation 2:7 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will give the right to eat from the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.
Let’s Us Discern
Discernment is still a work in progress …. Proverbs 14:15 (ESV)
“The simple believes everything, but the prudent gives thought to his steps.”
Analysis
Questions to Self-Reflect
Outline
Outline
Introduction:
This section provides a foundation for understanding the letters sent to the seven churches in Revelation 2 and 3.
- It establishes the context of the letters, identifying Jesus as the sender, John as the deliverer, and the seven messengers as the recipients.
- It emphasizes the importance of repentance, as these letters were sent to address existing issues within the churches.
- The concept of “OPAGH” (Old Patterns and God’s Hand) is introduced, explaining how God uses historical events, places, and people to figuratively represent future occurrences.
The Seven Churches:
This section delves into the specific letters addressed to each of the seven churches, highlighting key themes and messages.
Revelation 2: The Letter Sent to the Messengers of the 7 Churches
Church of Ephesus (Revelation 2:1-7)
- ONE – Seen: Jesus’ Appearance, the 7 Stars, and the 7 Lampstands. (Summary: This section focuses on John’s vision of Jesus, the seven stars representing individuals within the church, and the seven lampstands symbolizing the churches themselves.)
- TWO – Now: The Practices of Nicolaitans Had Entered and Made the 7 Stars Fall. (Summary: This section outlines the current situation in Ephesus, acknowledging their positive qualities while also addressing their decline in love for Jesus and the infiltration of the Nicolaitans’ teachings.)
- THREE – Blessings: One Who Overcomes. (Summary: This section outlines the blessings for the one who overcomes, including the right to eat from the tree of life, symbolizing access to Jesus’ words of life.)
Church of Smyrna (Revelation 2:8-11)
- ONE – Seen: First and Last, Resurrected One (Revelation 22:13). (Summary: This section highlights John’s vision of Jesus as the “first and last,” representing the fulfillment of prophecy and connecting it to Revelation 22:13.)
- TWO – Now: Slander from False Jews (Synagogue of Satan). (Summary: This section describes the challenges faced by the church in Smyrna, including slander from those posing as Jews but actually serving Satan, leading to persecution.)
- THREE – Blessings: The Crown of Life and No Second Death. (Summary: This section details the blessings for those who overcome in Smyrna, including the crown of life symbolizing eternal life and protection from the second death, representing spiritual death in hell.)
Church of Pergamum (Revelation 2:12-17)
- ONE – Seen: A Sharp and Double-Edged Sword. (Summary: This section describes John’s vision of the double-edged sword, symbolizing the Word of God, and foreshadowing the judgment that will come upon betrayers and destroyers.)
- TWO – Now: Teaching of Balaam and Balak. (Summary: This section exposes the negative influences at work in Pergamum, specifically the teachings of Balaam and Balak, representing false doctrines and spiritual compromise.)
- THREE – Blessings: The Hidden Manna and the White Stone. (Summary: This section lists the blessings promised to those who overcome in Pergamum: the hidden manna representing the revealed Word of God and the white stone symbolizing authority to judge with the Word.)
Church of Thyatira (Revelation 2:18-29)
- ONE – Seen: Son of God and Jezebel. (Summary: This section describes John’s vision of the Son of God and the figure of Jezebel, representing a spiritual entity leading people astray through false teachings and deception.)
- TWO – Now: Teaching of Jezebel → Will be Judged. (Summary: This section details the consequences of following Jezebel’s teachings, highlighting the judgment that awaits both her and those who follow her, referencing Revelation 17 and 18.)
- THREE – Blessings: The Iron Scepter and The Morning Star. (Summary: This section outlines the blessings bestowed upon the one who overcomes in Thyatira: the iron scepter representing the authority to teach and guide all nations, figuratively representing churches, and the morning star symbolizing Jesus himself, as stated in Revelation 22:16.)
Revelation 3: The Letter Sent to the Messengers of the 7 Churches
This chapter continues the analysis of the letters to the seven churches, covering the remaining three: Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea. Each church will be analyzed using the same structure as those in Revelation 2:
- ONE – Seen: (Summary: Describing what John saw in his vision related to the specific church.)
- TWO – Now: (Summary: Outlining the current situation of the church, highlighting both commendable and concerning aspects.)
- THREE – Blessings: (Summary: Listing the specific blessings promised to the one who overcomes in that particular church.)
A Study Guide
Revelation Chapter 2 Study Guide: A Deeper Dive into the Letters to the Seven Churches
Short Answer Quiz
Instructions: Answer each question in 2-3 sentences.
- Who is the true sender of the letters to the seven churches, and who is the messenger?
- Why are the letters sent to the messengers of the seven churches? What is their overall purpose?
- Explain the concept of “OPAGH” and how it relates to the Nicolaitans.
- What is the primary issue Jesus has with the church in Ephesus?
- Explain the symbolism of the “double-edged sword” in the letter to the church in Pergamum.
- What is the symbolic meaning of “eating food sacrificed to idols” and “committing sexual immorality” as described in the letters?
- Who or what does the figure of Jezebel represent in the letter to the church in Thyatira?
- What are the two blessings promised to the one who overcomes in the letter to the church in Smyrna? Briefly explain their significance.
- What is the significance of the “hidden manna” promised to the one who overcomes in the letter to the church in Pergamum?
- What is the meaning of the “white stone” and the “new name” promised to the one who overcomes in the letter to the church in Pergamum?
Answer Key
- Jesus is the true sender of the letters, while John acts as the messenger, delivering the words on Jesus’s behalf. This is evident in the text where John describes Jesus’ appearance and the messages he receives to write down.
- The letters are sent because the messengers and the churches they represent are beginning to stray from the true teachings and need to repent. The purpose is to warn them of their wrongdoings, encourage self-reflection, and offer a chance for correction and spiritual growth.
- OPAGH stands for “Old People and God’s History,” meaning that God uses historical events, places, and people to speak about future events that follow similar patterns. This relates to the Nicolaitans because the Nicolaitans mentioned in Revelation are not the same historical group but rather a future group exhibiting similar characteristics and actions.
- Jesus’s primary issue with the church in Ephesus is that they have forsaken their “first love,” which is Jesus himself. They initially displayed good works and perseverance but lost sight of their devotion to Christ, becoming distracted by other influences.
- The “double-edged sword” represents the Word of God, which possesses the power to judge both betrayers and destroyers. It is double-edged because it cuts both ways, exposing truth and revealing the hearts of all people, leading to either conviction or condemnation.
- “Eating food sacrificed to idols” symbolizes accepting and consuming false teachings or doctrines that go against God’s Word. “Committing sexual immorality” signifies receiving spiritual “seed” or influence from sources other than God, compromising one’s faithfulness and purity.
- Jezebel represents a false prophetess or teacher who leads people astray with corrupt teachings, promoting spiritual adultery and the acceptance of false doctrines. This figure symbolizes the dangers of spiritual compromise and the deception that can arise within the church.
- The two blessings are the “crown of life,” symbolizing eternal life and the responsibility that comes with it, and being “unhurt by the second death,” meaning escaping spiritual death and the judgment of hell. These blessings highlight the ultimate reward and protection offered to those who remain faithful to God.
- The “hidden manna” symbolizes the revealed Word of God, given at the proper time to nourish and guide the believer. It emphasizes the importance of receiving and understanding God’s truth as it is unveiled, leading to spiritual growth and enlightenment.
- The “white stone” represents the authority to judge righteously, using the Word of God as the basis for discernment. The “new name” symbolizes a unique identity and calling, known only to the recipient, highlighting the personal and intimate relationship God desires with his followers.
Essay Questions
- Analyze the ways in which the letters to the seven churches function as both prophecy and fulfillment. How does the concept of OPAGH contribute to this understanding?
- Discuss the symbolic significance of the blessings promised to the “one who overcomes” in each letter. What do these blessings reveal about the nature of God and the ultimate reward for faithfulness?
- Explore the recurring theme of spiritual compromise and deception as illustrated through the figures of the Nicolaitans, Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel. How do these figures represent the dangers that threaten the church, both historically and in the present day?
- Explain the significance of the “tree of life” and its fruit in Revelation 2 and how it relates to Jesus’s words in John 14:6 and John 15:1. How does the “one who overcomes” gain access to this spiritual nourishment?
- Analyze the concept of the “second death” as described in the letter to the church in Smyrna. Why is it something to be feared, and how does the “one who overcomes” escape this fate?
Glossary of Key Terms
- OPAGH: Acronym for “Old People and God’s History,” a concept highlighting how God uses historical events, places, and people to foreshadow and predict future events that follow similar patterns.
- Nicolaitans: A group in Revelation representing those who compromise with false teachings and doctrines, leading people astray from God’s truth.
- Balaam and Balak: Historical figures whose actions are used symbolically in Revelation to represent those who entice God’s people to sin through false teachings and corrupt practices.
- Jezebel: A symbolic figure in Revelation representing a false prophetess or teacher who promotes spiritual adultery and leads people away from God through deception.
- Double-Edged Sword: A symbol for the Word of God, which possesses the power to judge both betrayers and destroyers, revealing truth and exposing the hearts of all people.
- Food Sacrificed to Idols: A symbol for false teachings or doctrines that go against God’s Word and lead to spiritual compromise.
- Sexual Immorality: A symbol for receiving spiritual “seed” or influence from sources other than God, compromising one’s faithfulness and purity.
- Crown of Life: A symbol for eternal life and the responsibility and service that comes with it, granted to those who remain faithful to God.
- Second Death: Spiritual death and the judgment of hell, a fate that awaits those who reject God and his truth.
- Hidden Manna: A symbol for the revealed Word of God, given at the proper time to nourish and guide the believer.
- White Stone: A symbol for the authority to judge righteously, using the Word of God as the basis for discernment.
- New Name: A symbol for a unique identity and calling, known only to the recipient, highlighting the personal and intimate relationship God desires with his followers.
- Tree of Life: A symbol for eternal life and access to God’s presence, representing the ultimate reward for faithfulness and obedience.
- Morning Star: A symbol for Jesus Christ, representing his glorious return and the hope of eternal life he offers to his followers.
Breakdown
Timeline of Events:
Past:
- Historical Events:The original Nicholas, a convert to Judaism and then Christianity, forms a group with an extreme version of the gospel, becoming the symbolic representation of the Nicolaitans.
- Balaam and Balak, figures from the Old Testament, deceive the Israelites into sin, foreshadowing similar events in the future.
- Jezebel, the historical figure, persecutes and kills Israelites, serving as a symbolic representation of spiritual deception.
Present:
- The Seven Stars Fall: The seven messengers, initially chosen by Jesus and symbolized as stars in his hand, stray from their first love (Jesus) due to the influence of the Nicolaitans.
- Rise of the Nicolaitans: A figure symbolized by Nicholas, knowledgeable in various faiths, emerges and leads the Nicolaitans, a group spreading false teachings and corrupting the church. This “Nicholas” is likened to Balaam, teaching a “Balak” (in this interpretation, the same person as Jezebel) how to infiltrate and deceive the church.
- Slander and Persecution: The Nicolaitans, acting as a “synagogue of Satan,” slander and persecute those who hold to the true teachings.
- Jezebel’s Deception: Jezebel, a spiritual figure representing false teaching, leads God’s servants into spiritual immorality and the consumption of corrupted teachings (“food sacrificed to idols”).
Future:
- Judgment of the Nicolaitans: The Nicolaitans are judged by the “double-edged sword” of God’s Word.
- Judgment of Jezebel: Jezebel faces judgment and is cast onto a bed of suffering.
- Judgment of Babylon: Babylon, representing Jezebel’s kingdom, is judged and destroyed.
Cast of Characters:
Jesus: The Son of God, the sender of the letters to the seven churches, and the one who holds the seven stars in his hand. He is the Word of God, represented by the double-edged sword, and the source of true teachings. He promises blessings to the one who overcomes.
John (New John): The recipient of the Revelation and the one appointed by Jesus to deliver the letters to the seven churches. He is the “one who overcomes” the Nicolaitans and receives the blessings promised by Jesus.
The Seven Messengers (The Seven Stars): Initially chosen by Jesus and placed in his right hand, these individuals represent leaders within the church. They fall from their position due to the influence of the Nicolaitans and fail to overcome.
Nicholas and the Nicolaitans:
- Nicholas: A figure symbolizing a leader knowledgeable in various faiths who emerges and leads the Nicolaitans. He is compared to Balaam in his deception of the church.
- The Nicolaitans: A group representing those who spread false teachings, corrupting the church and leading people astray.
Balaam and Balak: Figures from the Old Testament, representing the deceptive nature of the Nicolaitans.
- Balaam: In this interpretation, represents the figure symbolized by “Nicholas,” teaching “Balak” how to deceive the church.
- Balak: Represents the same person as Jezebel, who is taught by “Balaam” how to lead God’s servants into spiritual immorality.
Jezebel: A spiritual figure representing false teaching, who misleads God’s servants and will face judgment. She is also referred to as the “prostitute” and is synonymous with “Balak.”
Antipas: A historical figure who remained faithful under trial. He serves as an example for the seven messengers to follow, urging them to remain steadfast despite persecution.
Overview
Overview
Main Themes:
- Prophecy and Fulfillment: The book of Revelation uses historical events, places, and people figuratively to speak about the future. The seven churches in Asia Minor represent seven individuals within a single church at the time of the second coming.
- The Nicolaitans: A group mirroring the historical Nicolaitans, who distorted the gospel, will emerge at the second coming, led by a figure symbolically named “Nicholas.”
- Blessings for the One Who Overcomes: Jesus promises twelve blessings to “the one who overcomes,” signifying a single individual who defeats the Nicolaitans. The blessings include eternal life, authority to judge, the revealed word, and ultimately, union with Jesus.
- Repentance: The seven messengers, initially chosen by Jesus, have begun to stray and accept the Nicolaitans’ teachings. They are urged to repent and return to their “first love,” Jesus.
Important Ideas/Facts:
- Structure of the Letters: Each letter follows a three-part structure: 1) What John saw, 2) The current situation (“now”), and 3) Promised blessings for the future (“later”).
- Jesus as the Sender: The letters are “God-breathed” and originate from Jesus, with John acting as the messenger.
- Symbolism: Several key symbols are explained:
- Double-edged sword: Represents the Word of God, judging both betrayers and destroyers.
- Food sacrificed to idols: Represents false teachings and doctrines.
- Sexual Immorality: Represents receiving spiritual “seed” from Satan instead of God.
- Hidden manna: Represents the revealed word given at the proper time.
- White stone: Represents the authority to judge with the Word, inscribed with a new name signifying the title of “New John.”
- Jezebel: Represents a spiritual figure who spreads false teachings and leads people astray.
- Iron scepter: Represents the teaching authority to guide the “nations” (churches).
- Morning Star: Represents Jesus himself, promising union with the one who overcomes.
Key Quotes:
- On the figurative nature of prophecy: “God uses historical events / places / people of and before the time of prophecy figuratively to speak about the future.”
- On the Nicolaitans: “Therefore, at the time of the second coming, a group of people will appear who exhibit similar characteristics to the original Nicolaitans referenced here.”
- On the single “one who overcomes”: “It is important to note that it is specifically ‘one,’ not ‘those,’ as some versions incorrectly state. Jesus emphasizes that it is a single individual who overcomes, and this one person is granted the right.”
- On the double-edged sword: “It’s double-edged because it will judge two groups of people. Who are these two groups in Revelation that aren’t so great? Betrayers and destroyers. The Word of God will judge both.”
- On spiritual “sexual immorality”: “Committing sexual immorality means receiving seed from different sources, hence the term ‘prostitute.’ Receiving Satan’s seed is equivalent to spiritual sexual immorality, as you’re no longer receiving truth from God.”
- On the meaning of the white stone: “It represents the authority to judge. Specifically, it symbolizes the authority to judge using the word.”
- On the iron scepter: “It’s important to note that this is a teaching authority, not a ruling authority… Instead, this authority is actually a job, a duty. It’s like a crown, but its purpose is to teach, guide, and serve.”
- On the morning star: “The answer is Jesus. The morning star represents Jesus. ‘I, Jesus, have sent my angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, and the bright Morning Star.'” (Revelation 22:16)
Conclusion:
The excerpts provide a detailed interpretation of Revelation 2, emphasizing the symbolic language and the urgency of repentance. The central message is that only “the one who overcomes” the influence of the Nicolaitans and remains faithful to Jesus will receive the promised blessings. The document leaves the reader with a sense of anticipation for the unfolding events and the ultimate revelation of the one who overcomes.
Q&A
Q&A
1. Who is the letter in Revelation 2 addressed to and why?
This letter is addressed to the messengers of seven churches in Asia Minor. These messengers, represented by the seven stars, have begun to stray from their first love, Jesus, and have allowed the practices of the Nicolaitans to infiltrate the church. The letter serves as a warning and a call to repentance.
2. What is the meaning of the “Nicolaitans” and their practices?
The Nicolaitans are a group that draws its name and characteristics from a figure named Nicholas from the time of the early church (Acts 6). In Revelation, the Nicolaitans represent false teachers who blend elements of different faiths and promote teachings contrary to God’s Word. Their practices include leading people astray with false doctrines, symbolized by “eating food sacrificed to idols,” and encouraging acceptance of teachings that are not from God, symbolized by “sexual immorality.”
3. What does Jesus reveal about Himself in each section of the letter?
In each part of the letter, John describes an aspect of Jesus that he sees in a vision:
- Ephesus: Jesus holds the seven stars and walks among the seven golden lampstands, signifying His authority and presence among the churches.
- Smyrna: Jesus is “the First and the Last,” and the resurrected one, connecting Him to the fulfillment of prophecy.
- Pergamum: Jesus holds the sharp, double-edged sword, representing His judgment through the Word of God.
- Thyatira: Jesus is the “Son of God,” with eyes like blazing fire and feet like burnished bronze, symbolizing His divine power and judgment.
4. What are the blessings promised to the “one who overcomes”?
Throughout the letter, seven blessings are promised to the individual who overcomes the challenges and temptations presented by the Nicolaitans:
- The Right to Eat from the Tree of Life: Symbolizes partaking in Jesus’ words of life.
- The Crown of Life: Represents eternal life and the responsibility of service that comes with it.
- Protection from the Second Death: Means freedom from spiritual death and hell.
- Hidden Manna: Represents receiving the revealed Word of God at the proper time.
- The White Stone with a New Name: Symbolizes authority to judge with the Word and a unique identity in God’s service.
- The Iron Scepter: Represents the authority to rule and teach the nations (figuratively representing churches).
- The Morning Star: Represents receiving Jesus Himself.
5. Why didn’t the original seven stars receive the blessings?
The seven stars, representing the initial messengers, failed to overcome the deception of the Nicolaitans. They did not repent and were ultimately defeated, forfeiting the blessings intended for them.
6. Who is the “one who overcomes” in Revelation?
While the blessings were initially meant for the seven stars, they ultimately go to “New John,” the one who received the revelation from Jesus and remained faithful. New John’s identity and how he overcame will be revealed later in the book of Revelation.
7. How do we apply these lessons to the present day?
The letter to the seven churches serves as a timeless warning against false teachings and a call to hold fast to Jesus Christ. We should:
- Be discerning: Test the teachings we encounter against the Word of God, recognizing that false teachers can appear even within the church.
- Remain faithful: Hold fast to our first love, Jesus, and resist compromise with the world’s values.
- Seek the blessings: Pursue a life of overcoming through faith in Jesus and obedience to His Word, knowing that the promised blessings are available to all who persevere.
8. How can we find “New John” and receive the blessings?
To receive the blessings, we must find “New John” who received them first. By studying the book of Revelation and seeking understanding from God, we can discover the identity of New John and learn how he overcame, enabling us to follow in his footsteps and inherit the promises of God.